Fig. 1

Common microbiota revealed by individual study analysis. a Summary of microbiota analysis at the microbial community level for each study. Significant differences are demonstrated by different colors. The sizes of the circles represent scale of -log10 p-value. b Genera that are significantly different in MS vs controls by Wilcoxon rank-sum test or DESeq2 test. Significant genera identified in at least two studies are shown in descending order from top to bottom by its shared frequency. For each individual study, the sizes of the circles represent mean relative abundance of the genera, and the colors of the circles represent statistically higher (blue) or lower (orange) of the relative abundance of the genera in MS, compared to controls. Taxonomy at the class level for each genus is indicated on the class column. Different shapes in the class column indicate the abundance of the genera are consistently (triangles) and inconsistently (circles) higher or lower in MS in at least two studies, compared to controls